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}} |nation = |region = |speakers = |date=1999–2011 |ref=e18 |familycolor = Creole |fam1 = Portuguese-based creole |fam2 = Upper Guinea Portuguese |iso2 = pap |iso3 = pap |glotto=papi1253 |glottorefname=Papiamento |lingua = 51-AAC-be |notice = IPA }} Papiamento () or Papiamentu () is the most-widely spoken language on the Caribbean ABC islands, having official status in Aruba and Curaçao. The language is also recognized on Bonaire by the Dutch government.〔 Papiamento is a language derived from African and Portuguese languages with some influences from American Indian languages, English, Dutch and Spanish. == History == The precise historical origins of Papiamento have not been established. Its parent language is Iberian but scholars dispute whether Papiamento is derived from Portuguese or from Spanish. A summary of the century-long debate on Papiamento's origins is provided in Jacobs (2009a).〔Jacobs, Bart (2009a) "The Upper Guinea Origins of Papiamento: Linguistic and Historical Evidence". ''Diachronica'' 26:3, 319–379〕 Historical constraints, core vocabulary and grammatical features that Papiamento shares with Cape Verdean Creole suggest that the basic ingredients are Portuguese, and that other influences occurred at a later time (17th and 18th centuries, respectively). The name of the language itself comes from ''papia'', ''pap(e)o'' or ''pap(e)ar'' ("to chat", "to talk"), a word present in Portuguese (''um papo'', "a chat") and colloquial Spanish; compare with ''Papiá Kristang'' ("Christian talk"), a Portuguese-based creole of Malaysia and Singapore, and the Cape Verdean Creole word ''papiâ'' ("to talk"), or elsewhere in the Caribbean (Puerto Rico, Dominican Republic, Cuba) ''papear''〔(''Papear'' ). Diccionario de la Real Academia Española.〕—"to talk excessively" (and without sense) or "to stutter" (but also, "to eat" or "food". Castilian Spanish ''papeo'',〔(''Papeo'' ). Diccionario de la Real Academia Española.〕 Portuguese ''papar'' is a children's term for "to eat"). Spain claimed dominion over the islands in the 15th century, but made little use of them. Portuguese merchants had been trading extensively in the West Indies, and with the Union with Castille, this trade extended to the Castillian West Indies, as the Spanish kings favored the free movement of people. In 1634, the Dutch West India Company (WIC) took possession of the islands, deporting most of the small remaining Arawak and Spanish population to the continent, and turned them into the hub of the Dutch slave trade between Africa and the Caribbean. The first evidence of widespread use of Papiamento in Aruba can be seen through the Curaçao official documents in the early 18th century. In the 19th century, most materials in the islands were written in Papiamento including Roman Catholic schoolbooks and hymnals. The first Papiamento newspaper was published in 1871 and titled ''Civilisado'' (The Civilizer). ''Civilizado'' (stress on /za/) is Spanish and Portuguese for "civilized" but can also be understood as having a suppressed final "r" in the word ''Civilizador'' (stress on /do/) (Civilizer). An outline of the competing theories is provided below. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Papiamento」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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